{"schemaVersion":1,"generatedAt":"2026-07-20T09:39:07.064Z","asOf":"2026-07-20","license":"Compiled aggregate counts (facts) re-served by SeqDesk under each source's terms; CC-BY for UniProt & AlphaFold. See https://seqdesk.org/data for full source list & licensing. Provided as-is, no warranty.","categories":{"sequence-archives":"Sequence archives","structures-proteins":"Structures & proteins","datasets-dois":"Datasets, DOIs & repositories","omics-specialized":"Omics & specialized archives","standards-vocab":"Standards & vocabularies","fair-literature":"FAIR adoption & literature","earth-environment":"Earth & environment","physics-materials":"Physics, space & materials","chemistry-compounds":"Chemistry & compounds","biodiversity":"Biodiversity & specimens","clinical-biomed":"Clinical & biomedical","open-data":"Open data & repositories","metadata-completeness":"Metadata & completeness","sequencing-technology":"Sequencing technology"},"licensing":{"summary":"Figures here are compiled aggregate counts — single totals updated weekly from public archives and cached by SeqDesk. They are facts, not reproductions of the underlying records. Each carries its source and retrieval date and is provided “as is” with no warranty. SeqDesk is independent and not endorsed by any listed organization.","providers":[{"name":"NCBI / U.S. National Library of Medicine","scope":"SRA, GenBank, RefSeq, ClinVar, dbSNP, Taxonomy, NCBI Datasets, NCBI Virus, GEO","license":"US-gov public domain · no use/distribution restrictions","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/"},{"name":"EMBL-EBI","scope":"ENA, BioSamples, BioStudies/ArrayExpress, Europe PMC, MGnify, OLS/ENVO, ENA checklists","license":"EMBL-EBI Terms of Use · CC0-aligned","url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/about/terms-of-use/"},{"name":"UniProt Consortium","scope":"UniProtKB, Swiss-Prot, TrEMBL, InterPro, Pfam","license":"CC BY 4.0 (attribution required)","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},{"name":"RCSB PDB / wwPDB","scope":"released structures","license":"CC0 1.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"},{"name":"AlphaFold DB (Google DeepMind / EMBL-EBI)","scope":"predicted structures","license":"CC BY 4.0 (attribution required)","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},{"name":"OpenAlex (OurResearch)","scope":"works, dataset works, FAIR-paper citations","license":"CC0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"},{"name":"DataCite & Crossref","scope":"dataset DOIs, total DOIs","license":"CC0 (metadata)","url":"https://datacite.org/"},{"name":"Zenodo · OSF · Dryad · re3data","scope":"records, projects, datasets, repositories","license":"open terms · counts are facts","url":"https://zenodo.org/"},{"name":"bioRxiv/medRxiv · OBO Foundry · GSC MIxS","scope":"preprints, ontologies, MIxS terms","license":"open / CC","url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/"},{"name":"GBIF · OBIS · iNaturalist","scope":"biodiversity occurrences, datasets, observations","license":"CC0 / CC BY per record · counts are facts","url":"https://www.gbif.org/terms"},{"name":"NCBI PubChem · ClinicalTrials.gov (NLM)","scope":"compounds, substances, bioassays, registered trials & results","license":"US-gov public domain","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/"},{"name":"CDS Strasbourg · ESA Gaia · NASA/IPAC","scope":"SIMBAD, VizieR, Gaia DR3, Exoplanet Archive, EOSDIS CMR","license":"CC BY 4.0 / Gaia licence / US-gov open","url":"https://cds.unistra.fr/"},{"name":"CERN (Open Data · INSPIRE-HEP)","scope":"physics records & open datasets","license":"CC0 / open","url":"https://opendata.cern.ch/"},{"name":"Materials Project · OQMD · NOMAD","scope":"computational materials (OPTIMADE)","license":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://materialsproject.org/about/terms"},{"name":"PANGAEA · ESGF (WCRP CMIP6)","scope":"Earth & climate datasets","license":"CC BY (per dataset)","url":"https://www.pangaea.de/"},{"name":"EMBL-EBI ChEMBL · ChEBI · GWAS Catalog · ENCODE · NeuroMorpho.Org","scope":"chemistry, ontologies, associations, experiments, neuron morphologies","license":"CC BY / open","url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/about/terms-of-use/"},{"name":"Harvard Dataverse · figshare · data.europa.eu · World Bank","scope":"cross-domain datasets & development indicators","license":"open terms · counts are facts","url":"https://dataverse.harvard.edu/"},{"name":"NHGRI (National Human Genome Research Institute)","scope":"DNA sequencing cost data (cost per genome, cost per Mb)","license":"U.S. Government work / public domain (cite NHGRI)","url":"https://www.genome.gov/about-genomics/fact-sheets/DNA-Sequencing-Costs-Data"}]},"count":1,"metrics":[{"id":"cost-per-gigabase","label":"Cost per gigabase of sequence","category":"sequencing-technology","source":"NHGRI — DNA Sequencing Costs (Genome Sequencing Program)","unit":"USD per Gb","tier":"secondary","flagship":false,"cadence":"release","scale":"log","fetch":{"url":"","method":"GET","parse":{"type":"manual"},"auto":false,"appendPolicy":"manual"},"release":null,"headline":{"value":"$5.80","unit":"per Gb · 2022"},"forecast":false,"series":[["2001-09-30",5292393],["2002-03-31",3898635],["2003-03-31",2986205],["2004-01-31",1598910],["2005-01-31",974165],["2006-01-31",699203],["2007-01-31",522708],["2008-01-31",102127],["2009-01-31",2586],["2010-01-31",520],["2011-01-31",233],["2012-01-31",85.2],["2013-01-31",63],["2014-01-31",44.5],["2015-01-31",44.1],["2016-05-31",13.1],["2017-02-28",11.3],["2018-02-28",13.7],["2019-02-28",11],["2020-02-28",7.2],["2021-02-28",9.5],["2022-05-31",5.8]],"note":"The raw-sequence view of the same NHGRI data: cost per gigabase (1 Gb = 1,000 Mb) of DNA sequence, from ~$5.3M/Gb in 2001 to ~$5.80/Gb in 2022 (NHGRI publishes this as cost per megabase; shown here per Gb so every point stays above the chart's log floor). This decoupled from cost-per-genome as coverage standards and read counts rose, and is the better measure of pure sequencing-output economics. Not forecast.","sources":[{"label":"NHGRI — DNA Sequencing Costs: Data from the NHGRI Genome Sequencing Program (GSP)","url":"https://www.genome.gov/about-genomics/fact-sheets/DNA-Sequencing-Costs-Data"},{"label":"NHGRI cost data table (May 2022 release, .xls)","url":"https://www.genome.gov/sites/default/files/media/files/2023-05/Sequencing_Cost_Data_Table_May2022.xls"}],"events":[{"date":"2008-01-01","label":"2nd-gen sequencing","detail":"Massively parallel short-read platforms collapsed the cost of raw sequence by orders of magnitude from 2008, the steepest part of this curve."}]}]}