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SeqDesk · original analysis

How complete is the world's open research data?

Beyond raw record counts: how much of the world's open research data actually carries rich, reusable metadata — coordinates, verified identifications, images, posted results — across biodiversity, marine and clinical archives.

96%
of GBIF records carry coordinates
3.9B
occurrence records analysed
70%
were georeferenced in 1950
6
completeness signals tracked
66%77%88%100%195019631976198920022015123

Share of GBIF records that carry coordinates, by collection year — each point is the share of records collected in that year that carry usable coordinates (a position, no geospatial issues). Specimens digitised from older field notes are sparsely georeferenced; modern, GPS- and smartphone-era records usually are. Read the long arc, not single-year wobbles — one very large dataset can nudge a recent year.

Timeline — what made georeferencing routine
  • 11995GPS fully operational — The US NAVSTAR GPS reached full operational capability in 1995, putting coordinates within reach of field collectors.
  • 22000GPS precision unlocked — The US switched off Selective Availability, improving civilian GPS accuracy roughly tenfold overnight — georeferencing got easy and cheap.
  • 32008Smartphone GPS era — GPS-equipped smartphones (App Store launch, 2008) made automatic geotagging of field observations ubiquitous.
Occurrences with coordinates GBIF
96%
Records resolved to species OBIS
61%
Research-grade observations iNaturalist
57%
Trials with posted results ClinicalTrials.gov
13%
Records with an image GBIF
8%
Type specimens (holotypes) GBIF
0%

Six metadata-completeness signals beyond a bare record count: do biodiversity occurrences carry coordinates and images, are observations verified to research grade, are marine records resolved to species, and have registered clinical trials actually posted their results? Each is the share of that source’s records meeting the bar — high for coordinates, far lower for posted trial results.

What it measuresHow much of each record’s reusable metadata is actually present — not how many records exist
Historical curveGBIF georeferenced share, by record collection year, from the public year facet
Update cadenceWeekly automated re-count · latest snapshot 2026-06-25
SourcesSeqDesk · original analysis · GBIF · iNaturalist · OBIS · ClinicalTrials.gov
MeasurementWhole-archive counts from each public API — exact, not a sample
Methodscripts/update-cross-domain-completeness.mjs
Collection yearGeoreferenced
202699.8%
202599.7%
202499.8%
202399.8%
202299.8%
202199.4%
202099.8%
201999.6%
201899.5%
201799.5%
201699.4%
201599.0%
201498.9%
201398.6%
201297.2%
201198.5%
201098.3%
200997.9%
200897.7%
200797.3%
200697.2%
200597.0%
200496.8%
200396.4%
200296.4%
200196.1%
200095.8%
199995.4%
199894.7%
199794.2%
199694.0%
199593.6%
199492.9%
199393.0%
199292.6%
199192.5%
199092.1%
198991.8%
198891.1%
198790.8%
198689.3%
198588.8%
198487.7%
198387.9%
198287.4%
198186.5%
198086.8%
197984.6%
197884.8%
197783.6%
197681.3%
197581.2%
197479.5%
197377.7%
197277.2%
197174.7%
197074.5%
196970.3%
196868.4%
196766.5%
196665.8%
196566.3%
196468.0%
196369.0%
196267.4%
196166.2%
196069.1%
195973.2%
195872.9%
195773.0%
195670.1%
195571.0%
195470.4%
195367.7%
195267.7%
195167.6%
195070.0%

The quality counterpart to the archive counts: instead of how many records exist, this measures how much of each record’s context is actually filled in — re-counted weekly from public APIs. Only aggregate percentages and counts are published. · back to all research data

Use & cite this data

Take this analysis into your own work

These are SeqDesk’s own aggregate figures, refreshed weekly. Download them, drop the live chart into a page, or pull the latest numbers from a small public API — then cite the snapshot you used.

Full dataset · JSONThe complete snapshot behind this page — every series and breakdown, with the source and license inline.Download JSON
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Chart · PNGA high-resolution raster of the figure for quick drops into docs and decks.
License

Aggregate facts compiled by SeqDesk from public archives (GBIF; iNaturalist, OBIS, ClinicalTrials.gov) and re-served under each source's terms. Only whole-archive percentages and counts are published — no record-level identifiers. Provided as-is, no warranty. Full method & sources: https://seqdesk.org/data/completeness