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SeqDesk · original analysis

Gene prediction & annotation tool trends

Citation adoption for curated gene prediction & annotation tools, counted weekly from OpenAlex.

Prokka
most-cited · 20K citations
6
tools tracked
1
selected group
20102025
citation years
View
Y axis
01101001.0K201020122014201620182020202220242025citing-paper year · annual citations · log y-axisProkka · 2.8K citations in 2025 · peak 2.8K/yr in 2025 · 20K lifetimeProdigal · 1.8K citations in 2025 · peak 1.8K/yr in 2025 · 13K lifetimeMetaGeneMark · 190 citations in 2025 · peak 222/yr in 2023 · 1.9K lifetimeBakta · 511 citations in 2025 · peak 511/yr in 2025 · 1.3K lifetimeDFAST · 208 citations in 2025 · peak 226/yr in 2024 · 1.3K lifetimeFragGeneScan · 43 citations in 2025 · peak 84/yr in 2021 · 896 lifetimeProkkaProdigalBaktaDFASTMetaGeneMarkFragGeneScan
Hover a line, or focus a legend item, to see exact citation values. Click legend items to hide or show tools.
Prokka
985
Bakta
656
Prodigal
542
DFAST
86
MetaGeneMark
web
FragGeneScan
SourceForge
DFAST
active · this month
Bakta
active · 2 mo ago
Prokka
active · 6 mo ago
Prodigal
stale · 2.4 yr ago
MetaGeneMark
unknown
FragGeneScan
unknown

Software health, not citations: GitHub/GitLab stars and last-commit date for each tool’s canonical source repo, as a point-in-time snapshot (2026-06-30). Bars in the last-commit chart show how recently each repo was touched — active, stale, archived or gone. Star bars are tinted to match each tool’s citation line above.

Use cumulative view for long-run adoption and annual view for citation momentum; log scale makes smaller tools readable without changing the counts. Counts are annual OpenAlex cited-by tallies and reflect all uses of each paper, not only use inside the selected workflow; broad tools can therefore look larger than workflow-specific methods. The still-filling current year (2026) is omitted from the lines.

10301003001.0K3.0K013612183672120169updated within 18 moProdigal · annotation · 1.8K citations in 2025Prokka · annotation · 2.8K citations in 2025 · actively maintainedBakta · annotation · 511 citations in 2025 · actively maintainedDFAST · annotation · 208 citations in 2025 · actively maintainedProkkamonths since last update (√ scale) · 2025 citations (log scale)maintainedother

Each dot is one of 4 curated tools with a datable code repository (2 web-only / SourceForge tools without a public commit date aren't shown). Higher means more cited in 2025, the latest complete year (log scale); further left means more recently updated (square-root scale). Filled dots are actively maintained — a commit within the last 18 months. The upper-left gathers the field's well-kept, widely-used staples: fastp, SAMtools, DADA2, SPAdes, Prokka, DIAMOND and more, updated regularly and cited thousands of times a year. Maintenance and citations are only loosely linked (Spearman ρ ≈ −0.46): a citation counts every paper that mentions a method, so a quieter commit history does not mean a tool is unused or unmaintained — many stable, widely-relied-on tools rarely need new commits, and development sometimes moves to mirrors this snapshot can't see. Source: OpenAlex citation graph + GitHub/GitLab activity, as of 2026-06-25.

Prodigal
’10–’18
Prokka
’19–’25

The leading gene prediction & annotation tool is recomputed for each complete calendar year by cumulative citations — a 2-way hand-off across 16 years.

Cohort6 curated gene prediction & annotation tools
MetricCitations to each tool’s canonical method paper, counted by the citing paper’s publication year
MeasurementAnnual cited-by counts from OpenAlex (cites: grouped by year when available; counts_by_year fallback when the grouped endpoint is budget-limited)
Update cadenceWeekly automated re-count · latest snapshot 2026-06-25
Scope caveatCitation totals span every field that cites the paper, not only use inside the selected workflow — read them as overall reach
Recent-year caveatThe current year (2026) is still accruing citations, so it is dropped from the trend lines
Methodscripts/check-tool-trends.mjs
ToolGroupLifetime citationsPeak yearSourceStarsLast commitStatus
ProkkaGene prediction & annotation19,5662025 (2.8K/yr)GitHub9856 mo agoactive
ProdigalGene prediction & annotation13,0682025 (1.8K/yr)GitHub5422.4 yr agostale
MetaGeneMarkGene prediction & annotation1,9312023 (222/yr)webstale
BaktaGene prediction & annotation1,3322025 (511/yr)GitHub6562 mo agoactive
DFASTGene prediction & annotation1,2802024 (226/yr)GitHub86this monthactive
FragGeneScanGene prediction & annotation8962021 (84/yr)SourceForgestale

A curated cohort of gene prediction & annotation tools, each tracked by the full citation history of its method paper — re-counted weekly straight from the OpenAlex citation graph. Only the published method papers and their public citation counts are used. · show all tool groups · back to all research data

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