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SeqDesk · original analysis

Metagenome assembly tool trends

Citation adoption for curated metagenome assembly tools, counted weekly from OpenAlex.

SPAdes
most-cited · 27K citations
13
tools tracked
1
selected group
20122025
citation years
View
Y axis
01101001.0K20122014201620182020202220242025citing-paper year · annual citations · log y-axisCAMI I (2017): first community benchmark of metagenome assembly, binning and taxonomic profiling.CAMI ICAMI II (2022): second round benchmarking assembly, binning, taxonomic profiling and clinical pathogen detection.CAMI IISPAdes · 2.6K citations in 2025 · peak 3.4K/yr in 2021 · 27K lifetimeMEGAHIT · 2.0K citations in 2025 · peak 2.0K/yr in 2025 · 9.9K lifetimeUnicycler · 1.5K citations in 2025 · peak 1.5K/yr in 2025 · 8.8K lifetimeCanu · 814 citations in 2025 · peak 1.1K/yr in 2021 · 8.2K lifetimeFlye · 1.4K citations in 2025 · peak 1.4K/yr in 2025 · 6.3K lifetimemetaSPAdes · 733 citations in 2025 · peak 741/yr in 2024 · 4.8K lifetimeIDBA-UD · 172 citations in 2025 · peak 337/yr in 2022 · 3.2K lifetimemetaFlye · 272 citations in 2025 · peak 272/yr in 2025 · 1.1K lifetimeMetaVelvet · 22 citations in 2025 · peak 83/yr in 2015 · 692 lifetimeRay Meta · 11 citations in 2025 · peak 88/yr in 2017 · 620 lifetimeOPERA-MS · 51 citations in 2025 · peak 73/yr in 2024 · 433 lifetimeMOCAT · 9 citations in 2025 · peak 39/yr in 2016 · 210 lifetimeMetaHipMer · 21 citations in 2025 · peak 21/yr in 2025 · 76 lifetimeSPAdesMEGAHITUnicyclerFlyeCanumetaSPAdesmetaFlyeIDBA-UDOPERA-MSMetaVelvetMetaHipMerRay MetaMOCAT
Hover a line, or focus a legend item, to see exact citation values. Click legend items to hide or show tools.
SPAdes
947
metaSPAdes
947
Flye
941
metaFlye
941
MEGAHIT
719
Canu
701
Unicycler
645
IDBA-UD
132
OPERA-MS
102
Ray Meta
68
MetaVelvet
15
MOCAT
web
MetaHipMer
Bitbucket
Canu
active · this month
SPAdes
active · this month
metaSPAdes
active · this month
Flye
active · 3 mo ago
metaFlye
active · 3 mo ago
MEGAHIT
active · 8 mo ago
Unicycler
stale · 1.9 yr ago
OPERA-MS
stale · 2.0 yr ago
IDBA-UD
stale · 3.0 yr ago
Ray Meta
stale · 8.9 yr ago
MetaVelvet
stale · 14 yr ago
MOCAT
unknown
MetaHipMer
unknown

Software health, not citations: GitHub/GitLab stars and last-commit date for each tool’s canonical source repo, as a point-in-time snapshot (2026-06-30). Bars in the last-commit chart show how recently each repo was touched — active, stale, archived or gone. Star bars are tinted to match each tool’s citation line above.

Use cumulative view for long-run adoption and annual view for citation momentum; log scale makes smaller tools readable without changing the counts. Counts are annual OpenAlex cited-by tallies and reflect all uses of each paper, not only use inside the selected workflow; broad tools can therefore look larger than workflow-specific methods. The still-filling current year (2026) is omitted from the lines.

10301003001.0K3.0K013612183672120169updated within 18 moIDBA-UD · assembly · 172 citations in 2025Ray Meta · assembly · 11 citations in 2025MetaVelvet · assembly · 22 citations in 2025OPERA-MS · assembly · 51 citations in 2025Unicycler · assembly · 1.5K citations in 2025MEGAHIT · assembly · 2.0K citations in 2025 · actively maintainedmetaSPAdes · assembly · 733 citations in 2025 · actively maintainedmetaFlye · assembly · 272 citations in 2025 · actively maintainedSPAdes · assembly · 2.6K citations in 2025 · actively maintainedFlye · assembly · 1.4K citations in 2025 · actively maintainedCanu · assembly · 814 citations in 2025 · actively maintainedSPAdesmonths since last update (√ scale) · 2025 citations (log scale)maintainedother

Each dot is one of 11 curated tools with a datable code repository (2 web-only / SourceForge tools without a public commit date aren't shown). Higher means more cited in 2025, the latest complete year (log scale); further left means more recently updated (square-root scale). Filled dots are actively maintained — a commit within the last 18 months. The upper-left gathers the field's well-kept, widely-used staples: fastp, SAMtools, DADA2, SPAdes, Prokka, DIAMOND and more, updated regularly and cited thousands of times a year. Maintenance and citations are only loosely linked (Spearman ρ ≈ −0.46): a citation counts every paper that mentions a method, so a quieter commit history does not mean a tool is unused or unmaintained — many stable, widely-relied-on tools rarely need new commits, and development sometimes moves to mirrors this snapshot can't see. Source: OpenAlex citation graph + GitHub/GitLab activity, as of 2026-06-25.

IDBA-UD
2012
MetaVelvet
2013
SPAdes
’14–’25

The leading metagenome assembly tool is recomputed for each complete calendar year by cumulative citations — a 3-way hand-off across 14 years.

Cohort13 curated metagenome assembly tools
MetricCitations to each tool’s canonical method paper, counted by the citing paper’s publication year
MeasurementAnnual cited-by counts from OpenAlex (cites: grouped by year when available; counts_by_year fallback when the grouped endpoint is budget-limited)
Update cadenceWeekly automated re-count · latest snapshot 2026-06-25
Scope caveatCitation totals span every field that cites the paper, not only use inside the selected workflow — read them as overall reach
Recent-year caveatThe current year (2026) is still accruing citations, so it is dropped from the trend lines
Methodscripts/check-tool-trends.mjs
ToolGroupLifetime citationsPeak yearSourceStarsLast commitStatus
SPAdesMetagenome assembly27,1752021 (3.4K/yr)GitHub947this monthactive
MEGAHITMetagenome assembly9,9442025 (2.0K/yr)GitHub7198 mo agoactive
UnicyclerMetagenome assembly8,7682025 (1.5K/yr)GitHub6451.9 yr agostale
CanuMetagenome assembly8,1702021 (1.1K/yr)GitHub701this monthactive
FlyeMetagenome assembly6,3242025 (1.4K/yr)GitHub9413 mo agoactive
metaSPAdesMetagenome assembly4,8172024 (741/yr)GitHub947this monthactive
IDBA-UDMetagenome assembly3,2262022 (337/yr)GitHub1323.0 yr agostale
metaFlyeMetagenome assembly1,1262025 (272/yr)GitHub9413 mo agoactive
MetaVelvetMetagenome assembly6922015 (83/yr)GitHub1514 yr agostale
Ray MetaMetagenome assembly6202017 (88/yr)GitHub688.9 yr agostale
OPERA-MSMetagenome assembly4332024 (73/yr)GitHub1022.0 yr agostale
MOCATMetagenome assembly2102016 (39/yr)webstale
MetaHipMerMetagenome assembly762025 (21/yr)Bitbucketstale

A curated cohort of metagenome assembly tools, each tracked by the full citation history of its method paper — re-counted weekly straight from the OpenAlex citation graph. Only the published method papers and their public citation counts are used. · show all tool groups · back to all research data

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